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JERUSALEM — Israel on Thursday barred two American Democratic congresswomen who had planned to visit the Israeli-occupied West Bank, hours afterresident
Trump had urged the country to block them.
JERUSALEM — Israel on Thursday barred two American Democratic congresswomen who had planned to visit the Israeli-occupied West Bank, hours after
Mr.
Trump’s intervention was an extraordinary step to influence an allied
nation and punish his political opponents at home. Israel’s decision to
bar the two congresswomen, Representatives Rashida Tlaib of Michigan and
Ilhan Omar of Minnesota, was widely criticized, including by prominent
Israel supporters.
The two lawmakers,
both freshmen, are the first Muslim women elected to Congress. Both are
outspoken adversaries of Mr. Trump and have been vocal in their support
of the Palestinians and the boycott-Israel movement.
The resident has targeted them in speeches and Twitter postings that his critics have called racist and xenophobic.
It was reported last week that Mr. Trump was pressing Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel to
deny entrance to the two women, and Thursday morning he left little
doubt. While Israeli officials were still deliberating the matter, he
said in a Twitter post that “it would show great weakness if Israel
allowed Rep. Omar and Rep. Tlaib to visit.”
It would show great weakness if Israel allowed Rep. Omar and Rep.Tlaib to visit. They hate Israel & all Jewish people, there is nothing that can be said or done to change their minds. Minnesota and Michigan will have a hard time putting them back in office. They are a disgrace!— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) August 15, 2019
Later
on Thursday Israel’s Interior Ministry announced that Mr. Netanyahu had
decided to deny entry to the two American lawmakers, on grounds of
their “boycott activities against Israel” and in accordance with the
country’s anti-boycott law.
“No
country in the world respects America and the American Congress more
than the state of Israel,” Mr. Netanyahu said in a statement after the
decision had been announced. “As a free and vibrant democracy, Israel is
open to critics and criticism, with one exception: Israeli law
prohibits the entry into Israel of those who call for, and work to
impose, boycotts on Israel, as do other democracies that prevent the
entry of people believed to be damaging to the country.”
Welcoming the decision, Mr. Trump said on Twitter: “Representatives Omar and Tlaib are the face of the Democrat Party, and they HATE Israel!”
Representatives Omar and Tlaib are the face of the Democrat Party, and they HATE Israel!— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) August 15, 2019
His ambassador to Israel, David M. Friedman, said in a statement that
the boycott movement was “no less than economic warfare” and that
Israel had “every right to protect its borders” against activists who
support it.
In lobbying a foreign
government to bar members of the United States Congress, Mr. Trump
crossed yet another line that other presidents generally respected. No
matter how virulent their differences at home, presidents have
traditionally not enlisted the help of overseas allies to take action
against domestic political adversaries.
But
Mr. Trump has demonstrated time and again over the last two and a half
years that he sees little need to observe the norms that governed
previous occupants of the White House, dismissing them either as
antiquated or irrelevant if he recognized their existence at all. To Mr.
Trump, politics is a contact sport with few limits and Ms. Omar and Ms.
Tlaib have become two of his favorite targets.
In
a statement, Ms. Omar called the actions by Mr. Trump and Mr. Netanyahu
“an affront” that had limited the ability of members of Congress to
learn from both Israelis and Palestinians.
“Sadly,
this is not a surprise given the public positions of Prime Minister
Netanyahu, who has consistently resisted peace efforts, restricted the
freedom of movement of Palestinians, limited public knowledge of the
brutal realities of the occupation and aligned himself with Islamophobes
like Donald Trump,” she said.
“The
irony of the ‘only democracy’ in the Middle East making such a
decision,” she said, “is that it is both an insult to democratic values
and a chilling response to a visit by government officials from an
allied nation.”
Mr. Trump’s
intervention also placed him at odds with the Democratic and Republican
leadership in Congress and even some pro-Israel advocacy groups in the
United States.
Senator Chuck Schumer, the Democratic minority leader, said denying the representatives entry was “a sign of weakness, not strength.”
“No democratic society should fear an open debate,” he tweeted. “Many strong supporters of Israel will be deeply disappointed in this decision, which the Israeli government should reverse.”
Just
a few days earlier, the House minority leader, Representative Kevin
McCarthy of California, told reporters in Jerusalem while leading a
delegation of 31 Republican lawmakers: “I think all should come.”
Speaking at a news conference with Mr. McCarthy, Representative Steny
Hoyer, the House majority leader who was heading a delegation to Israel
of 41 Democratic representatives, agreed.
Many
Israelis and Jewish leaders have also expressed discomfort with the
idea that American officials could be denied entry because of their
beliefs or criticism of Israel. Just last month, the Israeli ambassador
to Washington, Ron Dermer, said that Israel would not deny entry to any
United States representatives.
David
Harris, chief executive officer of the American Jewish Committee, a
prominent pro-Israel organization, said it disagreed with Mr.
Netanyahu’s decision even though the group strongly opposes the views
expressed by the two congresswomen.
“While
we fully respect Israel’s sovereign right to control entry into the
country, a right that every nation employs, and while we are under no
illusions about the implacably hostile views of Reps. Omar and Tlaib on
Israel-related issues, we nonetheless believe that the costs in the U.S.
of barring the entry of two members of Congress may prove even higher
than the alternative,” Mr. Harris said in a statement.
Jeremy
Ben Ami, the leader of J Street, a liberal pro-Israel advocacy group in
Washington, sharply criticized both Mr. Trump and Mr. Netanyahu. J
Street, which backs Democrats who support Israel, did not endorse Ms.
Omar, and withdrew its endorsement of Ms. Tlaib last year after she said
she did not support a two-state solution and expressed support for the
boycott-Israel movement.
“The very
foundations of American and Israeli democracy are being called into
question by President Trump and Prime Minister Netanyahu,” Mr. Ben Ami
said in an interview. “If you’re not allowed entry into a country
because of your views, then we have reached the end of the ability to
say the U.S.-Israel relationship is based on shared democratic values.”
Ms.
Omar had been scheduled to arrive on Sunday for a tour of the West
Bank, partly under the auspices of an organization headed by a longtime
Palestinian lawmaker, Hanan Ashrawi, that was expected to highlight
Palestinian grievances over the Israeli occupation.
The
women had been planning to visit the West Bank cities of Hebron,
Ramallah and Bethlehem, as well as Israeli-annexed East Jerusalem,
according to Ms. Ashrawi, including a visit to the Al Aqsa Mosque, a
hotly contested and volatile holy site. Most of the delegation was
expected to depart on Aug. 22, but Ms. Tlaib had been planning to stay
to visit relatives in the West Bank.
No
meetings had been planned with either Israeli or Palestinian officials,
other than Ms. Ashrawi, who is also a member of the Palestine
Liberation Organization’s executive committee. She said the organization
she leads, Miftah, was co-sponsoring the visit.
The
purpose of the visit, Ms. Ashrawi said, was to give the congresswomen a
way “to engage with the Palestinian people directly and to see things
on the ground.”
“What are they afraid of?” she said, referring to the Israeli government. “That they might find out things?”
Ms. Tlaib, of Palestinian descent, has spoken often of her grandmother, who lives on the West Bank, while Ms. Omar, a Somali refugee, is the first woman to wear a hijab on the House floor.
While they were hailed as symbols of diversity when they arrived in Washington, they quickly became embroiled in controversy over their statements on Israel and on supporters of the Jewish state. Ms. Omar apologized after she said support for Israel was “all about the Benjamins, baby” — a reference to $100 bills.
In early March, the House voted to condemn all forms of hatred after Ms. Omar said pro-Israel activists were “pushing for allegiance to a foreign country,” a remark that critics in both parties said invoked the longstanding anti-Semitic trope of “dual loyalty.”
Those remarks have been deeply problematic for Democratic leaders, who are trying to demonstrate solidarity with Israel. And they have given Mr. Trump and his fellow Republicans an opening to fan the flames of racial division, in an effort to break the longstanding alliance between American Jews and the Democratic Party.
Ms. Omar and Ms. Tlaib’s public support for the boycott movement had already drawn criticism from the White House. In remarks last month that were widely condemned as racist, Mr. Trump said that four congresswomen of color — Ms. Omar and Ms. Tlaib, as well as Representatives Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York and Ayanna S. Pressley of Massachusetts — should “go back” to the countries they came from.
Axios reported recently that
Under the law, passed in 2017, Israel can bar entry to people considered prominent advocates of the boycott, divestment and sanctions movement, a loose network that, among other goals, aims to pressure Israel into ending the occupation of the West Bank. Pro-Israel advocates accuse the movement’s supporters of anti-Semitism.
Last month, the United States House of Representatives overwhelmingly passed a bipartisan resolution condemning the boycott-Israel movement as one that “promotes principles of collective guilt, mass punishment and group isolation, which are destructive of prospects for progress towards peace.”
Mr. Netanyahu, for his part, is in the middle of a tight election campaign, and some analysts say he can ill afford to appear weak when dealing with high-profile critics of Israeli policies. At the same time, he is involved in a high-wire act of trying to balance Israel’s ties with the Democrats and his close embrace of, and support from, Mr. Trump.
Alon Pinkas, a former Israeli consul general in New York, told Israel’s Army Radio on Thursday that it would be “foolishness” to deny the lawmakers entry. “These are congresswomen of the majority party, which most American Jews vote for.”
One of the main points of contention over the planned itinerary appears to be the visit to the Aqsa Mosque in East Jerusalem. A sacred site revered by Muslims as the Noble Sanctuary and by Jews as Temple Mount, the location of their ancient temples, it is a frequent flash point in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Danny Ayalon, a former Israeli ambassador to the United States and a former deputy foreign minister, told Israel’s Kan Radio on Thursday that the congresswomen should be allowed to enter Israel “but with restrictions.”
“If they want to stage a provocation by entering the Temple Mount with Palestinian hosts, then that can be prevented,” he said.
Sheryl Gay Stolberg and Maggie Haberman contributed reporting from Washington, David M. Halbfinger from Jerusalem and Rick Gladstone from New York.
